On 1 June 2026, a new version of the Rules of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce (the “2026 Rules”) entered into force.
In previous years, the ICC Rules had undergone targeted revisions. In particular, the 2017 version notably introduced the Expedited Procedure, and, subsequently, the 2021 revision addressed issues such as: the ICC Court’s authority to appoint the members of a tribunal to avoid “a significant risk of unequal treatment and unfairness that may affect the validity of the award”; express provisions on virtual hearings; and the possibility of joinder after the constitution of the arbitral tribunal.
The 2026 revision is different. For the first time since the comprehensive revision undertaken in 2012, the ICC engaged in broad reassessment of its Rules as a whole.
This exercise, conducted by the ICC Court in consultation with the wider arbitration community through the ICC Commission of Arbitration and ADR, provided an opportunity to identify provisions requiring amendment and also to assess which aspects of the existing framework continued to serve its users effectively.
The significance of this revision is difficult to overstate. As one of the world’s leading arbitral institutions, its rules and institutional practices have an influence extending well beyond the proceedings it administers.
In this regard, international surveys confirm its position among the most preferred arbitral institutions worldwide. Therefore, developments in the ICC Rules matter to the international arbitration community more broadly: when the ICC revises its rules, it helps shape the direction of institutional arbitration worldwide.
Against this background, the 2026 revision is particularly revealing. In a nutshell, the 2026 Rules did not completely redesign ICC arbitration: they recalibrated it.
This revision cannot be understood solely through the provisions that were introduced. Equally important are those provisions that were deliberately left unchanged. Understanding these choices provide a more complete picture of the direction in which ICC arbitration is evolving, and of the broader development of international arbitration.
From this perspective, the importance of the 2026 Rules lies not only in the (I) the innovations they introduce and the practices they crystalize; but also in (II) what they preserve.
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